THE FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME ACTIVITY
*The factors affecting enzyme activity:
**Temperature:
→Different enzymes have different optimum temperature values.
→Below 0 ºC, most of enzyme cannot active.
→However, they do not denaturate.
→If temperature increases, initially the rate of reaction will increase and then, the rate of reaction
decreases.
→Above 55 ºC, most of enzyme cannot activate and most of them denaturate.
**pH:
→Different enzymes have different optimum pH values.
→If pH decrease below or increase above optimum point, the rate of reaction decreases.
**Water:
→Enzymes cannot active below %15 water amount.
→If water amount increases, the rate of reaction increases.
→At 70% water amount, the rate of reaction go on maximum.
**Substrate concentration:
→If substrate concentration increases, the rate of reaction increases.
→However, after a certrain substrate concentration, the rate of reaction go on maximum.
**Enzyme concentration:
→If enzyme concentration increases, the rate of reaction increases.
→However, after a certain enzyme concentration, the rate of reaction go on maximum.
**Enzyme + Substrate:
→If enzyme and substrate concentration increase, the rate of reaction increases.
**Enzyme activator:
→Some substances like vitamin and mineral, act as enzyme activator.
→If enzyme activators increase, the rate of reaction increases.
**Enzyme inhibitor:
→Some substrances like; Hg, Pb, CN-... act as enzyme inhibitor.
→If enzyme inhibitors increase, the rate of reaction decreases.
**Substrate surface:
→If substrate surface increases, the rate of reaction increases.
